The Russian famine of 1921–22, also known as Povolzhye famine, killed an estimated 5 million, primarily affecting the Volga and Ural River regions.[21]. Interesting because it was used until Joseph Stalin's death when a major vexillological reform was undertaken within the Soviet Union. On 30 December 1922, with the treaty on the creation of the Soviet Union, Russia, alongside the Transcaucasian SFSR, the Ukrainian SSR and the Byelorussian SSR formed the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. Cherchez des exemples de traductions république socialiste soviétique dans des phrases, écoutez à … On 10 July 1918, the Russian Constitution of 1918 renamed the country the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. Victory Day is the second most popular holiday in Russia as it commemorates the victory over Nazism in the Great Patriotic War. After the death of Joseph Stalin, 5 March 1953, Georgy Malenkov became the new leader of the USSR. www.mylife.com. The first Constitution was adopted in 1918. On 24 December, Yeltsin informed the Secretary-General of the United Nations that by agreement of the member states of the CIS the Russian Federation would assume the membership of the Soviet Union in all UN organs (including the Soviet Union's permanent seat on the UN Security Council). Chapitre V. 9. On 25 January 1918, the third meeting of the All-Russian Congress of Soviets renamed the unrecognised state the Russian Soviet Republic. [25] The legality of this ratification raised doubts among some members of the Russian parliament, since according to the Constitution of the RSFSR of 1978 consideration of this document was in the exclusive jurisdiction of the Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR. According to law, during 1992, it was allowed to use the old name of the RSFSR for official business (forms, seals, and stamps). The Russian bear is an animal symbol and a national personification of Russia. The flag was then changed to a design that resembled the original imperial civil ensign of the Tsardom of Russia, with a notable difference of the flag ratio being 1:2 instead of the original 2:3 ratio. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 26 décembre 2020 à 02:02. On 4 October, Yeltsin ordered Special Forces and elite army units to storm the parliament building, the "White House" as it is called. On 17 March 1991, an all-Russian referendum created the post of President of the RSFSR. La république socialiste fédérative soviétique de Russie (en abrégé RSFS de Russie ou RSFSR ; en russe Росси́йская Сове́тская Федерати́вная Социалисти́ческая Респу́блика, Rossiïskaïa Sovietskaïa Federativnaïa Sotsialistitcheskaïa Respoublika (Rossiïskaïa SFSR, RSFSR), littéralement « République socialiste fédérative des conseils russe »)[note 1], était l'une des quinze républiques socialistes soviétiques formant l'Union des républiques socialistes soviétiques (URSS). As Chairmen of the Council of Ministers – Government of the Russian SFSR, Served as acting head of government while, 1918–1936: Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (, 1936–1991: Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (, This page was last edited on 28 January 2021, at 06:13. En 1989, pour la première fois depuis le début de l'ère soviétique, des élections libres ont lieu, les partis politiques sont autorisés en 1990. L'État possède un chef de l'État et … During its 76-year existence, the Russian SFSR anthem was Patrioticheskaya Pesnya, but before 1990 the previous anthem shared its music with the Soviet Anthem, though not the lyrics and The Internationale was its anthem before 1944. Par conséquent, la RSFSR devient une des républiques de l'Union des républiques socialistes soviétiques. République soviétique de Donetsk-Krivoï-Rog, Union des républiques socialistes soviétiques, République socialiste soviétique autonome bachkire, République socialiste soviétique autonome bouriate, république socialiste soviétique autonome de Carélie, république socialiste soviétique autonome du Daghestan, République socialiste soviétique autonome kabardino-balkare, république socialiste soviétique autonome de Kalmoukie, république socialiste soviétique autonome des Komis, république socialiste soviétique autonome des Maris, république socialiste soviétique autonome de Mordovie, république socialiste soviétique autonome d'Ossétie du Nord, République socialiste soviétique autonome oudmourte, République socialiste soviétique autonome tatare, république socialiste soviétique autonome de Tchétchénie-Ingouchie, République socialiste soviétique autonome tchouvache, république socialiste soviétique autonome de Touva, République socialiste soviétique autonome yakoute, oblast autonome des Karatchaïs-Tcherkesses, président du conseil des commissaires du peuple de la république socialiste fédérative soviétique de Russie, président du Conseil des ministres de la république socialiste fédérative soviétique de Russie, Parti communiste de la République socialiste fédérative soviétique de Russie, Chronologie de l'Union des républiques socialistes soviétiques, Chronologie de la Seconde Guerre mondiale, https://fr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=République_socialiste_fédérative_soviétique_de_Russie&oldid=178047493, Article manquant de références depuis décembre 2020, Article manquant de références/Liste complète, Article de Wikipédia avec notice d'autorité, Page utilisant le modèle Autorité avec un paramètre local, Portail:Époque contemporaine/Articles liés, licence Creative Commons attribution, partage dans les mêmes conditions, comment citer les auteurs et mentionner la licence, Parti ouvrier social-démocrate de Russie (bolchevik). [34], Russia made a significant turn toward developing a market economy by implanting basic tenets such as market-determined prices. On 11 October 1944, the Tuvan People's Republic was joined with the Russian SFSR as the Tuvan Autonomous Oblast, becoming an Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in 1961. En effet, la puissance montante des structures étatiques russes libérées de la tutelle du PCUS, avec Eltsine en tête, se trouvent face aux organes du pouvoir soviétique et communiste, « archaïque » et « conservateur », essayant en vain de freiner les « réformes gorbatcheviennes » et de préserver le système soviétique. The Soviet red stars are also encountered, often on military equipment and war memorials. relacionados a: République socialiste soviétique de Géorgie wikipedia. Corporate Author … The territory of the ASSR was divided between other administrative units of Russian SFSR and the Georgian SSR. [7] On 3 March 1918, the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed, giving away much of the land of the former Russian Empire to the German Empire (Germany), in exchange for peace on the Eastern Front of World War I. Le lendemain, l'URSS est formellement dissoute. The 1978 RSFSR Constitution was amended several times to reflect the transition to democracy, private property and market economy. La RSFSR est ensuite plongée dans un autre conflit, la Seconde Guerre mondiale, lorsque l'Allemagne nazie envahit l'Union soviétique, le 22 juin 1941. ดูตัวอย่างคำแปลคำว่า République socialiste fédérative soviétique de Russie ในประโยค ฟังการออกเสียงและเรียนรู้ไวยากรณ์ Edição Agence de Presse Novosti Moscu, 1972, a R$ 155,00. Elle est dotée de la Constitution de la république soviétique fédérative socialiste de Russie, élaborée par la Commission dirigée par Sverdlov et ratifiée le 10 juillet 1918 par le Ve Congrès des Soviets. La république socialiste fédérative soviétique de Russie (en abrégé RSFS de Russie ou RSFSR ; en russe Росси́йская Сове́тская Федерати́вная Социалисти́ческая Респу́блика, Rossiïskaïa Sovietskaïa Federativnaïa Sotsialistitcheskaïa Respoublika (Rossiïskaïa SFSR, RSFSR), littéralement « République socialiste fédérative des conseils russe »), était l'une des quinze républiques socialistes … In 1922, the Russian SFSR signed the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR officially setting up of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. The Russian Soviet Republic was proclaimed on 7 November 1917 (October Revolution) as a sovereign state and the world's first constitutionally socialist state guided by communist ideology. [8] By 1918, during the Russian Civil War, several states within the former Russian Empire had seceded, reducing the size of the country even more. • COMMUNISME - Mouvement communiste et question nationale Declaration of Rights of the laboring and exploited people (, Colloquially referred for short in intra-Soviet politics (along with the adjacent ", The names Russian Federation and Russia are equal since 25 December 1993, Constitution (Basic Law) of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic (approved by, Decree of the President of the Russian SFSR of 23 August 1991 No. Mikhaïl Gorbatchev tente lui aussi de préserver la cohésion de l'Union soviétique, et d'affaiblir la RSFSR : en réaction, Boris Elstine fait voter sa souveraineté le 22 juin 1990 par le 1er Congrès des députés du peuple de la RSFSR[2]. La Russie devient la RSFSR le 23 janvier 1918, elle est dotée de la Constitution de la République socialiste fédérative soviétique de Russie, élaborée par la Commission dirigée par Sverdlov et ratifiée le 10 juillet 1918 par le V e Congrès des Soviets. The Matryoshka doll is a recognizable symbol of the Russian SFSR (and the Soviet Union as a whole) and the towers of Moscow Kremlin and Saint Basil's Cathedral in Moscow are Russian SFSR's main architectural icons. The flag of the Russian SFSR changed numerous times, with the original being a field of red with the Russian name of the republic written on the flag's centre in white. Free Public Reputation Profile - For De To. The Chamomile is the national flower while birch is the national tree. Vérifiez les traductions 'république socialiste soviétique' en grec. L'organisation de l'URSS fait coexister deux ordres institutionnels différents: celui de l'État et celui du Parti communiste de l'Union soviétique, qui « noyaute » le premier. With tanks thrown against the small-arms fire of the parliamentary defenders, the outcome was not in doubt. Similar parades take place in all major Russian cities and cities with the status Hero City or City of Military Glory. La paix est signée avec les Allemands au prix d'énormes concessions territoriales (Pologne, partie de l'Ukraine, pays baltes, etc.) Reputation Profiles include free contact info & photos + criminal & court records. The native Soviet Russian national personification is Mother Russia. On 8 December 1991, the heads of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus signed the Belavezha Accords. On 8 February 1955, Malenkov was officially demoted to deputy Prime Minister. [citation needed], The struggle for the center of power in post-Soviet Russia and for the nature of the economic reforms culminated in a political crisis and bloodshed in the fall of 1993. This change incorporated an update for all the flags of the Soviet Republics as well as for the flag of the Soviet Union itself. Yeltsin, who represented a course of radical privatization, was opposed by the parliament. Corporate Author Russian S.F.S.R., enacting jurisdiction. Une union politique et économique, la CEI, est fondée le 8 décembre 1991 par la RSFSR, l'Ukraine et la Biélorussie pour tenter de maintenir des liens privilégiés entre les pays issus de l'ex-URSS. Staline détient alors tous les pouvoirs. In 1964, Nikita Khrushchev was removed from his position of power and replaced with Leonid Brezhnev. [8] By 1918, during the subsequent Russian Civil War several states within the former Russian Empire seceded, reducing the size of the country even more. Even after he died in 1982, the era did not end until Mikhail Gorbachev took power in March 1985 and introduced liberal reforms in Soviet society. Les dirigeants de l'Union soviétique sont les différents hommes qui ont dirigé la République socialiste fédérative soviétique de Russie puis l'Union des républiques socialistes soviétiques de 1917 à 1991. On April 21, 1992, the Congress of People's Deputies of Russia approved the renaming of the RSFSR into the Russian Federation, by making appropriate amendments to the Constitution, which entered into force Variant Title HeinOnline index title: Constitution (basic law) of the Russian Socialist Federated Soviet Republic, 1925, original text. However, based on the historical community of peoples and relations between the three states, as well as bilateral treaties, the desire for a democratic rule of law, the intention to develop their relations based on mutual recognition and respect for state sovereignty, the parties agreed to the formation of the Commonwealth of Independent States. By that time, Soviet Russia had gained roughly the same borders of the old Tsardom of Russia before the Great Northern War of 1700. "The Soviet Union was a one-party Marxist-Leninist state.". Free Public Reputation Profile - For Georgie Le. Though this image has a Western origin, Russians themselves have accepted it. On 12 December, the agreement was ratified by the Supreme Soviet (the parliament of Russian SFSR); therefore the Russian SFSR had renounced the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR and de facto declared Russia's independence from the USSR itself and the ties with the other Soviet Socialist Republics. [23] On 6 November, he went further, banning the Communist Parties of the USSR and the RSFSR from the territory of the RSFSR.[24]. Rossiyskaya Sovetskaya Federativnaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika, IPA: [rɐˈsʲijskəjə sɐˈvʲɛtskəjə fʲɪdʲɪrɐˈtʲivnəjə sətsɨəlʲɪˈsʲtʲitɕɪskəjə rʲɪˈspublʲɪkə] (listen)), previously known as the Russian Soviet Republic[7] and the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic[8] as well as being unofficially known as Soviet Russia,[9] Russian Federation[10] or simply Russia, was an independent socialist state from 1917 to 1922, and afterwards the largest and most populous of the Soviet socialist republics of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1922 to 1991, until becoming a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with priority of Russian laws over Union-level legislation in 1990 and 1991, the last two years of the existence of the USSR. La perestroïka (« restructuration ») n'a pas atteint les objectifs escomptés ayant aggravé les pénuries de biens de consommation et les inégalités sociales, tandis qu'une démocratisation du régime, amorcée avec la glasnost (« transparence »), déclenche des conflits inter-ethniques et la montée des nationalismes, mal perçue par les Russes. The official count was 187 dead, 437 wounded (with several men killed and wounded on the presidential side). Elle en était de facto la république dominante tant politiquement qu'économiquement. Lors de la révolution de Février (1917), à la suite de l'abdication du tsar Nicolas II le 15 mars 1917, la Russie est dirigée par un gouvernement provisoire, présidé à partir du 6 août 1917 par Kerenski qui instaure une république. "The currency of communism", British Museum, Londres (London), Angleterre, Royaume-Uni - 2017 Looking for abbreviations of RSSFT? [30][31][32] Although the 12 December vote is sometimes reckoned as the moment that the RSFSR seceded from the collapsing Soviet Union, this is not the case. On 25 December—just hours after Gorbachev resigned as president of the Soviet Union—the Russian SFSR was renamed the Russian Federation (Russia), reflecting that it was now a sovereign state with Yeltsin assuming the Presidency. République socialiste fédérative soviétique de Russie (Redirigé depuis Russie_soviétique ) Cet article ne cite pas suffisamment ses sources ( décembre 2020 ). Xem qua các ví dụ về bản dịch République socialiste fédérative soviétique de Russie trong câu, nghe cách phát âm và học ngữ pháp. Titre II. The Congress of People's Deputies of the Republic adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty of the Russian SFSR on 12 June 1990, which was the beginning of the "War of Laws", pitting the Soviet Union against the Russian Federation and other constituent republics. On 25 December 1991, during the collapse of the Soviet Union, which concluded on the next day, the republic was officially renamed the Russian Federation, which it remains to this day. since publication on May 16, 1992. [11] The Russian Republic was composed of sixteen smaller constituent units of autonomous republics, five autonomous oblasts, ten autonomous okrugs, six krais and forty oblasts. The hammer and sickle and the full Soviet coat of arms were still widely seen in Russian cities as a part of old architectural decorations until its slow gradual removal in 1991. Le 14 octobre 1924, est créé lOblast autonome kara-kirghiz au sein de la République socialiste fédérative soviétique de Russie. Kiểm tra các bản dịch 'République socialiste fédérative soviétique de Russie' sang Tiếng Việt. [11] After 1985, the "perestroika" restructuring policies of the Gorbachev administration relatively liberalised the economy, which had become stagnant since the late 1970s under General Secretary Leonid Brezhnev, with the introduction of non-state owned enterprises such as cooperatives. The economy of Russia became heavily industrialized, accounting for about two-thirds of the electricity produced in the USSR. ตรวจสอบRépublique socialiste fédérative soviétique de Russieแปลเป็น ไทย. During an unsuccessful coup attempt on 19–21 August 1991 in Moscow, the capital of the Soviet Union and Russia, President of Russia Yeltsin strongly supported the President of the Soviet Union, Mikhail Gorbachev. Toutes les informations de la Bibliothèque Nationale de France sur : Russie (République socialiste fédérative soviétique) (1918 - 1991) The capital of the Russian SFSR was Moscow and the other major urban centers included Leningrad, Novosibirsk, Sverdlovsk, Gorky and Kuybishev. Official language in the courts from 1937. [13] In 1974, there were 475 institutes of higher education in the republic providing education in 47 languages to some 23,941,000 students. The agreement declared dissolution of the USSR by its original founding states (i.e., renunciation of the 1922 Treaty on the Creation of the USSR) and established the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) as a loose confederation. On 12 June 1991, Boris Yeltsin (1931–2007), supported by the Democratic Russia pro-reform movement, was elected the first and only President of the RSFSR, a post that would later become the presidency of the Russian Federation. At the end of World War II Soviet troops of the Red Army occupied southern Sakhalin Island and the Kuril Islands off the coast of East Asia, north of Japan, making them part of the RSFSR. Mongol conquest • Grand Duchy of Moscow, February Revolution • Provisional Government Reputation Profiles include free contact info & … Internationally, the RSFSR was recognized as an independent state in 1920 only by bordering neighbors of Estonia, Finland, Latvia and Lithuania in the Treaty of Tartu and by the short-lived Irish Republic in Ireland.[18]. The 1977 Soviet Constitution stated that "[a] Union Republic is a sovereign [...] state that has united [...] in the Union"[14] and "each Union Republic shall retain the right freely to secede from the USSR". The state it governed, which did not have an official name, would be unrecognized by neighboring countries for another five months. By the will of the peoples of the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, who decided on the formation of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics during the Tenth All-Russian Congress of Soviets, the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, being a part of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, devolves to the Union the powers which according to Article 1 of the Constitution of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics are included within the scope of responsibilities of the government bodies of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. ... République éphémère de l'ancienne Union Soviétique formée par les républiques de Transcaucasie (Républiques socialistes soviétiques de Géorgie, de l'Arménie et de l'Azerbaïdjan) entre 1922 et 1936. The status of the southernmost Kurils, north of Hokkaido of the Japanese home islands remains in dispute with Japan and the United States following the peace treaty of 1951 ending the state of war. lors du traité de Brest-Litovsk. Le 23 janvier 1918, le IIIe congrès des Soviets donne à la partie de la Russie qu'il dirige le nom de république soviétique de Russie (RSR) (en 1917, après l'abdication de l'Empereur, la Russie portait le nom de République russe). The new Russian Constitution, coming into effect on 25 December 1993 after a constitutional crisis, completely abolished the Soviet form of government and replaced it with a semi-presidential system. was commonly used and shared with other Soviet republics. This flag had always been intended to be temporary, as it was changed less than a year after its adoption. Confronted with opposition to the presidential power of decree and threatened with impeachment, he "dissolved" the parliament on 21 September, in contravention of the existing constitution, and ordered new elections and a referendum on a new constitution. RSSFT - République Socialiste Soviétique Fédérative du Transcaucase. The Kazakh ASSR and Kirghiz ASSR were transformed into the Kazakh SSR (Kazakhstan) and Kirghiz Soviet Socialist Republic (Kyrgyzstan). At a total of about 17,125,200 km (6,612,100 sq mi), the Russian SFSR was the largest of its fifteen republics, with its southerly neighbor, the Kazakh SSR, being second. Opening domestic markets to foreign trade and investment, thus linking the economy with the rest of the world, was an important aid in reaching these goals. By mid-1996, the results were disastrous, with a 50% decline in GDP and rampant homelessness, unemployment, crime, and poverty. It is République Socialiste Soviétique Fédérative du Transcaucase. Gorbatchev arrive au pouvoir en 1985 en prenant la tête du Parti communiste de l'Union soviétique (PCUS) avec la volonté de réformer le régime pour combattre la stagnation économique et les reliquats du stalinisme, mais ses réformes donnent des résultats plutôt mitigés. The Russian SFSR was controlled by the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, until the abortive 1991 August coup, which prompted President Yeltsin to suspend the recently created Communist Party of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. Within the Soviet Union, the RSFSR bordered the Slavic states: Ukrainian SSR (Ukraine), Belarusian SSR (Belarus), the Baltic states: Estonian SSR (Estonia), Latvian SSR (Latvia) and Lithuanian SSR (Lithuania) (annexed forcibly in 1940) to its west and the Azerbaijan SSR (Azerbaijan), Georgian SSR (Georgia) and Kazakh SSR (Kazakhstan) to the south in Central Asia. Le 25 août 1991, le PCUS est dissous[3], puis la plupart des républiques qui constituent l'URSS prennent leur indépendance dans les jours ou semaines qui suivent. The document, consisting of a preamble and fourteen articles, stated that the Soviet Union no longer existed "as a subject of international law and geopolitical reality". www.mylife.com. Two fundamental and interdependent goals—macroeconomic stabilization and economic restructuring—led the transition from central planning to a market-based economy. [26][27][28][29] However, by this time the Soviet government had been rendered more or less impotent, and was in no position to object. L'impopularité de cette dernière mesure est exploitée par le Parti bolchevique qui, le 25 octobre 1917, renverse le gouvernement à Pétrograd (alors capitale de la Russie, aujourd'hui Saint-Pétersbourg) par les armes : c'est la révolution d'Octobre. The Government was known officially as the Council of People's Commissars (1917–1946) and Council of Ministers (1946–1991). On 25 December 1991, following the resignation of Gorbachev as President of the Soviet Union (and former General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union), the Russian SFSR was renamed the Russian Federation. [16] The next day after the lowering of the Soviet red flag from the top of the Kremlin Senate building of the Moscow Kremlin in Moscow, the USSR was self-dissolved by the Soviet of the Republics on 26 December, which by that time was the only functioning parliamentary chamber of the All-Union Supreme Soviet (the other house, Soviet of the Union, had already lost the quorum after recall of its members by the several union republics). Republic in the Soviet Union (1922–1991) and sovereign state (1917–1922 and 1990–1991), "Soviet Russia" redirects here. Laws, statutes, etc, Russie (République socialiste fédérative soviétique). The second flag had the letters РСФСР (RSFSR) written in yellow within the canton and encased within two yellow lines forming a right angle. A huge military parade, hosted by the President of Russia, is annually organised in Moscow on Red Square. The former Karakalpak Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic was transferred to the Uzbek SSR (Uzbekistan). As First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party, Nikita Khrushchev's authority was significantly enhanced by Malenkov's demotion. L'URSS cesse d'exister par l'accord de Minsk du 8 décembre 1991 et les accords d'Alma-Ata du 21 décembre 1991[4]. Paragraph 3 of Chapter 1 of the 1925 Constitution of the RSFSR stated the following:[22]. The August 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt with the temporary brief internment of President Mikhail Gorbachev destabilised the Soviet Union. [15] On 12 June 1990, the Congress of People's Deputies adopted the Declaration of State Sovereignty, established separation of powers (unlike in the Soviet form of government), established citizenship of Russia and stated that the RSFSR shall retain the right of free secession from the USSR. The motto "Workers of the world, unite!" Ni l'ancienne république d'Extrême-Orient ni Sakhaline n'auront droit à un statut d'autonomie au sein de la RSFR comme d'autres RSS voisines. En pratique : Quelles sources sont attendues ? Prolétaires de tous les pays, unissez-vous ! Tensions built quickly, and matters came to a head after street riots on 2–3 October. Under his rule, the Russian SFSR and the rest of the Soviet Union went through an era of stagnation. After 1993, when the Soviet form of government was officially dissolved in the Russian Federation, the final flag of the Russian Federation was changed to the original civil ensign with its original 2:3 proportions. The former entailed implementing fiscal and monetary policies that promote economic growth in an environment of stable prices and exchange rates. The Red Banner continues to be honored, especially the Banner of Victory of 1945. On 10 July 1918, the Russian Constitution of 1918 renamed the country the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic. Historical Dictionary of Socialism. The Soviet government first came to power on 7 November 1917, immediately after the interim Russian Provisional Government later headed by liberal Alexander Kerensky, which governed the Russian Republic, was overthrown in the October Revolution, the second of the two Russian Revolutions. Dispositions générales de la Constitution de la République socialiste fédérative soviétique de Russie. Après leur victoire, les bolcheviks regroupent, le 22 décembre 1922, les diverses républiques soviétiques et bolcheviques au sein de l'Union des républiques socialistes soviétiques. A number of lawyers believe that the denunciation of the union treaty was meaningless since it became invalid in 1924 with the adoption of the first constitution of the USSR. , Soviet Union , Harold Joseph Berman Harvard University Press , 1972 - History - 399 pages On 9 January 1957, Karachay Autonomous Oblast and Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic were restored by Khrushchev and they were transferred from the Georgian SSR back to the Russian SFSR. Commissariat du peuple à l'Instruction publique , Russian S.F.S.R. Under the leadership of Vladimir Lenin (1870–1924) and Leon Trotsky (1879–1940), the Bolshevik communists established the Soviet state on 7 November [O.S. En effet, elle représentait les trois quarts du territoire de l'Union, plus de la moitié de sa population, les deux tiers de son industrie et environ la moitié de sa production agricole. It happened immediately after the interim Russian Provisional Government, most recently led by opposing democratic socialist Alexander Kerensky (1881–1970), which governed the new Russian Republic after the overthrow of the Russian Empire government of the Romanov imperial dynasty of Czar Nicholas II the previous March, was now itself overthrown during the following October Revolution, the second of the two Russian Revolutions that turbulent year of 1917 during World War I. Russian Republic • October Revolution • Civil War(Red Army • White Guard • separatists • others). [7] The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed on 3 March 1918, giving away much of the border lands in the west of the former Russian Empire to the German Empire (Germany) in exchange for peace during the last year of the rest of World War I. Et il déplace des populations européennes vers l'Orient où sont créées de nouvelles entités autonomes (républiques et oblasts). 25 October] 1917. [35][citation needed]. République socialiste fédérative soviétique de Transcaucasie. On 12 December, the agreement was ratified by the Supreme Soviet of the Russian SFSR by an overwhelming majority: 188 votes for, 6 against and 7 abstentions. On 30 December 1922, the First Congress of the Soviets of the USSR approved the Treaty on the Creation of the USSR, by which Russia was united with the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic and Transcaucasian Soviet Federal Socialist Republic into a single federal state, the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union officially ceased to exist the next day. A network of territorially organized public-health services provided health care. République socialiste fédérative soviétique de Russie, Localisation de la république au sein de l'URSS (pendant la, Росси́йская Сове́тская Федерати́вная Социалисти́ческая Респу́блика, « République socialiste fédérative des conseils russe », La RSFSR lors de la dislocation de l'URSS.